Another step toward synthetic cells - SCI-ART LAB2024-03-29T00:11:48Zhttps://kkartlab.in/forum/topics/another-step-toward-synthetic-cells?groupUrl=some-science&xg_source=activity&feed=yes&xn_auth=no58
Q: Can scientists create D…tag:kkartlab.in,2022-06-23:2816864:Comment:2424902022-06-23T09:02:59.194ZDr. Krishna Kumari Challahttps://kkartlab.in/profile/DrKrishnaKumariChalla
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<div class="q-box qu-mb--medium qu-mt--small"><div class="q-flex qu-alignItems--center"><div class="q-box"><div class="q-text qu-dynamicFontSize--xlarge qu-fontWeight--bold qu-color--gray_dark_dim qu-passColorToLinks qu-lineHeight--regular qu-wordBreak--break-word"><div class="q-click-wrapper qu-display--block qu-tapHighlight--white qu-cursor--pointer qu-hover--textDecoration--underline ClickWrapper___StyledClickWrapperBox-zoqi4f-0 daLTSH"></div>
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<p>58</p>
<div class="q-box qu-mb--medium qu-mt--small"><div class="q-flex qu-alignItems--center"><div class="q-box"><div class="q-text qu-dynamicFontSize--xlarge qu-fontWeight--bold qu-color--gray_dark_dim qu-passColorToLinks qu-lineHeight--regular qu-wordBreak--break-word"><div class="q-click-wrapper qu-display--block qu-tapHighlight--white qu-cursor--pointer qu-hover--textDecoration--underline ClickWrapper___StyledClickWrapperBox-zoqi4f-0 daLTSH"><div class="q-flex qu-flexDirection--row"><div class="q-inline qu-flexWrap--wrap"><div class="q-text puppeteer_test_question_title"><span class="q-box qu-userSelect--text"><span>Q: Can scientists create DNA?</span></span></div>
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<div class="q-box qu-mb--small"><div class="q-box spacing_log_answer_header"><div class="q-box"><div class="q-flex qu-alignItems--flex-start"><div class="q-inlineFlex qu-mr--small qu-alignItems--center"><div class="q-inlineFlex qu-flex--none"><div class="q-inlineFlex"><div class="q-inlineFlex qu-overflow--hidden qu-borderRadius--circle"><div class="q-absolute qu-fullX qu-fullY qu-borderAll qu-borderColor--darken qu-borderRadius--circle BadgeWrapper___StyledAbsolute-kazm88-0 bhmOme">Krishna: </div>
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<div class="q-text"><p class="q-text qu-display--block qu-wordBreak--break-word qu-textAlign--start"><span>Yes! Of course! Artificial genetic material can be reliably created that not only interacts like its natural counterpart, but can even be ‘read’ by cells. Chemicals are chemicals whether they are used by Nature or human beings to create synthetic organic molecules of life’s matter.</span></p>
<p class="q-text qu-display--block qu-wordBreak--break-word qu-textAlign--start"><span>At the very root of DNA’s structure are four letters, referring to nucleobases (or usually just called ‘bases’): A, C, G, and T. These are shorthand for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. These four molecules are the ‘nitrogenous bases’ of nucleotides. These bases form pairs and lead to configurations that cause the classic DNA helical structure to develop.</span></p>
<p class="q-text qu-display--block qu-wordBreak--break-word qu-textAlign--start"><span>Decades after the discovery of DNA and its implication in human genetics, in 2006, scientists developed artificial DNA bases, which have a novel bonding pattern. The artificial bases (called Z and P) bond similarly to how GC and AT (natural DNA bases) bond. In fact, using a method known as X-ray crystallography, researchers have observed that these artificial bases can be incorporated into natural strands of DNA and even show similar function to fully natural DNA bases when interacting with proteins inside of cells.</span></p>
<p class="q-text qu-display--block qu-wordBreak--break-word qu-textAlign--start"><span>In 2014, researchers researchers </span><span class="q-inline"><a class="q-box Link___StyledBox-t2xg9c-0 gOCLNQ puppeteer_test_link qu-cursor--pointer qu-hover--textDecoration--underline" title="www.nature.com" href="http://www.nature.com/news/first-life-with-alien-dna-1.15179" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">announced</a></span><span> the creation of a living cell that had two ‘foreign’ DNA building blocks in its genome. The team inserted the two into a bacterial cell, a strain of </span><span>E. coli</span><span>. When the cell reproduced, unwinding its double helix and reconstituting it in new cells, X and Y replicated as well, their chemical bond just as stable as the A-T and C-G pairings in DNA’s normal sequence. The leader of the Scripps research team, Floyd Romesberg, calls the organism “semi-synthetic.”</span></p>
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