http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/the-curious-wavefunction/2013/0...
Turning the tables on obesity and BMI: When more can be better.

while obese and unhealthy people suffer from the highest mortality, people with normal BMI can also be quite unhealthy and be near the upper or mid range of the mortality scale. Conversely, an obese person can be metabolically healthy. So why is this? The short answer is that for high-BMI individuals, the right fat in the right location might provide some benefits, like soaking up toxins or being a source of energy. In case of people with normal BMI it gets even more interesting; they often suffer from a poor nutritional and metabolic status in spite of their favorable BMI profile, and this can lead to worse mortality and health.

To me, the practice of boiling down something as complicated as health or mortality to a single number like the BMI says a lot about the human desire to simplify and to use what’s readily available rather than what’s important. The belief again reminds you of the drunkard and his keys; BMI is readily measurable and it’s what we know, so why not use it? The truth is of course more convoluted. True metrics of mortality will have to take into account not just variables like fat distribution but – as the graphic illustrates – other biochemical and physiological indicators like insulin sensitivity and inflammation. It’s very much a holistic approach, something that medicine is increasingly appreciating in both diagnosis and treatment

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/352859/description/Pover...
Poverty may tax thinking abilities
But sudden windfalls improve poor people's mental fortunes

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v500/n7464/full/nature12506.html Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers We are facing a global metabolic health crisis provoked by an obesity epidemic. Here we report the human gut microbial composition in a population sample of 123 non-obese and 169 obese Danish individuals. We find two groups of individuals that differ by the number of gut microbial genes and thus gut bacterial richness. They contain known and previously unknown bacterial species at different proportions; individuals with a low bacterial richness (23% of the population) are characterized by more marked overall adiposity, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia and a more pronounced inflammatory phenotype when compared with high bacterial richness individuals. The obese individuals among the lower bacterial richness group also gain more weight over time. Only a few bacterial species are sufficient to distinguish between individuals with high and low bacterial richness, and even between lean and obese participants. Our classifications based on variation in the gut microbiome identify subsets of individuals in the general white adult population who may be at increased risk of progressing to adiposity-associated co-morbidities.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=staying-he...
Staying Healthy Takes Guts Full of Microbes

People whose intestines have smaller and less diverse bacterial populations are more prone to obesity and gut inflammation.

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/352880/title/News_in_Bri...
News in Brief: Don't stand so close to me
Personal space has a measurable boundary

People have a sharp no-fly zone around their faces. Though its boundaries depend on the person, this discomfort zone usually starts between 20 and 40 centimeters away and continues right up to the face, researchers report August 28 in the Journal of Neuroscience. Threatening objects that enter this forbidden space are likely to trigger a strong defensive reaction. Scientists knew that this safety margin exists, but its boundaries hadn’t been measured.

http://www.gereports.com/the-art-of-science/
The Art of Science: Supercomputers Help Scientists See What Microscopes and Cameras Can’t Capture
Scientists at GE Global Research have been using the world’s most powerful supercomputers to simulate everything from fuel flowing through jet engine nozzles to water drops turning into ice. The results can be rewarding beyond solving research riddles. “Many times our work generates images that are visually breathtaking,” says Rick Arthur, who leads the Advanced Computing Lab at GRC.

Supercomputers are helping GE engineers speed up innovation, crack previously intractable problems, and shorten the business cycle.

http://www.examiner.com/article/new-study-finds-every-minute-of-exe...
New study finds every minute of exercise counts

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=poor-choices-finan...
Poor Choices: Financial Worries Can Impair One’s Ability to Make Sound Decisions

New research suggests causative link between income level and cognitive function

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=adam-ruthe...
Adam Rutherford's Creation Science (The Real Kind) Part 2
http://www.amazon.com/Creation-Science-Reinventing-Itself-ebook/dp/...
Science journalist, author and Nature editor Adam Rutherford talks about new book Creation: How Science Is Reinventing Life Itself, which looks at the science of the origin of life and at the emerging science of synthetic biology.
Book Description
Publication Date: June 13, 2013
What is life?

Humans have been asking this question for thou­sands of years. But as technology has advanced and our understanding of biology has deepened, the answer has evolved. For decades, scientists have been exploring the limits of nature by modifying and manipulating DNA, cells and whole organisms to create new ones that could never have existed on their own.

In Creation, science writer Adam Rutherford explains how we are now radically exceeding the boundaries of evolution and engineering entirely novel creatures—from goats that produce spider silk in their milk to bacteria that excrete diesel to genetic circuits that identify and destroy cancer cells. As strange as some of these creations may sound, this new, synthetic biology is helping scientists develop radical solutions to some of the world’s most pressing crises—from food shortages to pandemic disease to climate change—and is paving the way for inventions once relegated to science fiction.

Meanwhile, these advances are shedding new light on the biggest mystery of all—how did life begin? We know that every creature on Earth came from a single cell, sparked into existence four billion years ago. And as we come closer and closer to understanding the ancient root that connects all living things, we may finally be able to achieve a second genesis—the creation of new life where none existed before.

Creation takes us on a journey four billion years in the making—from the very first cell to the ground-breaking biological inventions that will shape the future of our planet.

http://www.siliconindia.com/news/general/34000-Households-In-Bangal...
34,000 Households In Bangalore Prefer Technology Over Sanitation!

http://www.asianscientist.com/in-the-lab/pan-asian-wave-consumer-st...
Asian Consumers Still Very Traditional: Survey
A new study finds that traditional values continue to hold sway among Asia’s consumers, who value the family, believe in hard work, and are financially conservative.
Even as personal incomes have increased exponentially, in tandem with the region’s economic growth, a new study finds that traditional values continue to hold sway among Asia’s consumers – and companies would do well to appeal to these values in building their brands in the region.

The inaugural Pan-Asian Wave Consumer Study: Asian Marketing Trends and Consumer Insights, conducted by the Institute on Asian Consumer Insight (ACI) at Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University, has found that Asian consumers value the family, believe in hard work, and are financially conservative. They desire respect for the tremendous progress they have made, and yet shun flashy expressions of wealth.

ACI’s inaugural study for the Asian region polled almost 7,000 consumers from ten key economies in the region, in an extensive investigation of their needs, values, priorities, and beliefs. The six-month-long study was conducted in 14 languages, and received sponsorship from Blackberry, Coca-Cola, DBS Bank and Unilever.

http://www.asianscientist.com/in-the-lab/curry-ingredient-inspired-...
Curry Ingredient Helped Design Cancer Drugs
Researchers have combined features from an anti-nausea drug with a common South Asian kitchen spice to create more potent cancer drugs.

Q:What is it like living on Earth after living in space?
R: by Garrett Reisman, Former NASA Astronaut
First of all, the food is much better here on Earth. And taking showers and going to the bathroom are much easier to do here too.

But you do go through a strange adaptation process when you return to Earth. The first thing you notice is that everything seems really heavy. After 95 days on the International Space Station, I returned to Earth in the Space Shuttle Discovery. I took off my helmet and it felt like I was holding the anchor of the U.S.S. Nimitz in my hand. Oh great, I thought, how am I ever going to brush my teeth - the brush will be too heavy!

The next thing you notice is that your vestibular system is all messed up. Just sitting up took a lot of concentration. After about 15 minutes I was able to stand, but I would have keeled right over if there weren't a lot of things to hold onto in the middeck of Discovery.

You see, your brain is remarkably adaptable. After just a few days in space it figures out that your inner ear is producing nothing but garbage signals and so the brain turns the gains of those signals way down in its Kalman filter and cranks up the gains on your visual sensors, the eyes. Then all is well, until you come back to Earth. Now you need your inner ear sensor again, but the brain is still filtering it out. Gradually the brain re-calibrates, but it takes a while.

For me the process went pretty quickly. We don't know why, but anecdotally I can tell you that short and stocky people re-adapt more quickly than tall and lanky folks. This was only the second time in my life that being short came in handy. (The first time being during limbo contests at Bar Mitzvahs in New Jersey in the early 80s.)

After about an hour, I was able to walk around the Shuttle on the runway at the Kennedy Space Center and I was even able to go out to a local bar with my crewmates and I managed to eat half a cheeseburger and half a beer. On my second flight, STS-132, which was only about 2 weeks in duration, we went to the same bar and I had a whole cheeseburger and a whole glass of beer. So when people ask me what was the difference between a long-duration spaceflight and a short-duration spaceflight, I have a quantifiable answer: a half-cheeseburger and a half-beer!

Source: http://www.quora.com/Astronauts/What-is-it-like-living-on-Earth-aft...

http://www.quora.com/Airplanes/Can-an-airplanes-exit-door-be-opened...
Can an airplane's exit door be opened in mid-flight? If so, how much effort would it take?
Read the replies by clicking on the link

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=vaccinated...
Vaccinated Kids Show No Long-Term Ill Effects

No measurable increase in risk for neurological conditions could be found in a large cohort of preadolescent children who had been vaccinated on schedule when infants.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pds.3482/abstract
Number of antigens in early childhood vaccines and neuropsychological outcomes at age 7–10 years

Shahed Iqbal1,*,
John P. Barile2,
William W. Thompson3,
Frank DeStefano1

ABSTRACT
Purpose

Concerns have been raised that children may be receiving too many immunizations under the recommended schedule in the USA. We used a publicly available dataset to evaluate the association between antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides from early childhood vaccines and neuropsychological outcomes at age 7–10 years.
Methods

Children aged 7–10 years from four managed care organizations underwent standardized tests for domain-specific neuropsychological outcomes: general intellectual function, speech and language, verbal memory, attention and executive function, tics, achievement, visual spatial ability, and behavior regulation. Vaccination histories up to 24 months of age were obtained from medical charts, electronic records, and parents' records. Logistic regressions and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to determine associations between total antigens up to 7, 12, and 24 months and domain-specific outcomes.
Results

On average, children (N = 1047) received 7266, 8127, and 10 341 antigens by ages 7, 12, and 24 months, respectively. For adjusted analyses, increase (per 1000) in the number of antigens was not associated with any neuropsychological outcomes. Antigen counts above the 10th percentile, compared with lower counts, were also not associated with any adverse outcomes. However, children with higher antigen counts up to 24 months performed better on attention and executive function tests (odds ratio for lower scores = 0.51, 95% confidence interval = 0.26, 0.99). Similar results were found with SEM analysis (b = 0.08, p = 0.02).
Conclusions

We did not find any adverse associations between antigens received through vaccines in the first two years of life and neuropsychological outcomes in later childhood. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/slideshow.cfm?id=biotechs-first-m...
Biotech’s First Musical Instrument Plays Proteins Like Piano Keys [Slide Show]

A biophysicist and composer have banded together to create a music box that turns biology into sound

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927024813003127
An artificial vasculature for adaptive thermal control of windows

Benjamin D. Hattona, b, 1,
Ian Wheeldona, 2,
Matthew J. Hancockd,
Mathias Kollea, b,
Joanna Aizenberga, b,
Donald E. Ingbe
Highlights

•

We demonstrate the fabrication of flexible, transparent microfluidic layers for window or solar panel cooling.
•

Experimental evaluation of cooling rates for fluidic layers as a function of flow rate, temperature.
•

Heat transfer model to evaluate the experimental results, and design scaled up implementation.
•

Optical absorption measurements, as a function of fluidic composition and color change.
•

Incorporating fluidic flow is a means to develop adaptive solar and window technologies.

Abstract

Windows are a major source of energy inefficiency in buildings. In addition, heating by thermal radiation reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic panels. To help reduce heating by solar absorption in both of these cases, we developed a thin, transparent, bio-inspired, convective cooling layer for building windows and solar panels that contains microvasculature with millimeter-scale, fluid-filled channels. The thin cooling layer is composed of optically clear silicone rubber with microchannels fabricated using microfluidic engineering principles. Infrared imaging was used to measure cooling rates as a function of flow rate and water temperature. In these experiments, flowing room temperature water at 2 mL/min reduced the average temperature of a model 10×10 cm2 window by approximately 7–9 °C. An analytic steady-state heat transfer model was developed to augment the experiments and make more general estimates as functions of window size, channel geometry, flow rate, and water temperature. Thin cooling layers may be added to one or more panes in multi-pane windows or as thin film non-structural central layers. Lastly, the color, optical transparency and aesthetics of the windows could be modulated by flowing different fluids that differ in their scattering or absorption properties.
Graphical abstract

A transparent, bio-inspired, convective cooling layer for building windows and solar panels has been developed to help reduce heating by solar absorption. The windows contain a vasculature network of millimeter-scale, fluid-filled channels. The design maintains a continuous flow of water to directly cool the window surface or change the optical absorption.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=computer-game-play...
Computer Game-Playing Shown to Improve Multitasking Skills

A new study reveals, despite polarized opinion about brain-training packages, that playing a 3-D race car-driving video game reduced cognitive decline in subjects aged 60-85

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=poor-choices-finan...
Poor Choices: Financial Worries Can Impair One’s Ability to Make Sound Decisions

New research suggests causative link between income level and cognitive function

The findings are detailed in the August 30 issue of Science.

New work by a team of psychologists and economists supports the notion that humans have limited bandwidth for decision-making. And the capacity to make choices can take a hit once that cognitive load becomes too heavy. The research, based on experimental data collected on people with varying levels of self-reported income in rural India and a New Jersey shopping mall, concludes simply that at least short-term financial stress can max out our mental reserves on par with the level of impairment that results from pulling an all-nighter.

Alternative issues that demand attention, such as calorie counting in a diet, also could reduce cognitive abilities. The difference with money, however, is that one can end a diet anytime; not so with financial stress.

These new results also support other research on an overlapping area of study—an emerging field called self-control, says Kathleen Vohs, a consumer behavior expert at the University of Minnesota who published an accompanying commentary piece on the findings in the same issue of Science.* Self-control studies look at the finite ability of individuals to overcome urges and make decisions. They posit, in a similar vein, that when individuals are faced with many decisions that demand trade-offs—such as a scarcity of food, time or money—and do not have a chance to recover from the resulting brain drain, self-control can tank. That depletion, in turn, could lead to decision-making patterns that impede one’s ability to improve their lot in life, she says. “Because the poor must overcome more urges and make difficult decisions more often than others, they are more likely to overeat, overspend and enact other problematic behaviors,” she wrote.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=psychologists-iden...
Rating the Best Ways to Study

Some study methods work in many different situations and across topics, boosting test performance and long-term retention. Learning how to learn can have lifelong benefits.
Self-testing and spreading out study sessions—so-called distributed practice—are excellent ways to improve learning. They are efficient, easy to use and effective.
Underlining and rereading, two methods that many students use, are ineffective and can be time-consuming.
Other learning techniques need further testing and evaluation. In the meantime, students and teachers can put proved study methods to use in classrooms and at home.

http://www.linkedin.com/groupItem?view=&srchtype=discussedNews&...
Upcoming conference on science journals
an upcoming science communication conference that you might be interested in attending or promoting. The topic of this conference is the evolving relationship between science journals and libraries, public education, research collaboration, university tenure, intellectual property rights, public policy, and more. Click here to view the event page.

This conference is being organized by the National Science Communication Institute (nSCI), a Seattle-based nonprofit whose mission is to improve the communication that happens inside science. You can read more about our group at www.nationalscience.org.

As far as we know, this will be one of the first conferences (if not the first) to really tackle the issue of journals head-on. Our hope is that we can share the knowledge and perspectives gained from this event, and then host other regional conferences and/or a national conference on this subject in 2014 with the goal of finding some common ground for change and improvement in how science journals intersect with research, education, policy, tenure, and more.

https://www.bigquestionsonline.com/content/why-does-higgs-particle-...

Why Does the Higgs Particle Matter?

http://esciencenews.com/articles/2013/09/08/climate.change.will.ups...
Climate change will upset vital ocean chemical cycles

Climate change will upset vital ocean chemical cycles
Published: Sunday, September 8, 2013 - 13:31 in Earth & Climate

New research from the University of East Anglia shows that rising ocean temperatures will upset natural cycles of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and phosphorus. Plankton plays an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle by removing half of all CO2 from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and storing it deep under the sea -- isolated from the atmosphere for centuries.

Findings published today in the journal Nature Climate Change reveal that water temperature has a direct impact on maintaining the delicate plankton ecosystem of our oceans.

The new research means that ocean warming will impact plankton, and in turn drive a vicious cycle of climate change.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/artificial-nose-scents-bl...
‘Artificial nose’ scents blood-poisoning bacteria

An “artificial nose” that could save lives by swiftly sniffing out blood-poisoning bacteria has been developed by scientists.

The device can test for the bugs in just 24 hours instead of the usual 72 and researchers hope it can be used to prevent sepsis, a potentially fatal condition. In some cases it can rapidly lead to septic shock, organ failure and death. An estimated 20 to 35 per cent of victims die.

The new device consists of a small plastic bottle with a chemical-sensing array or artificial nose attached to the inside. A blood sample is injected into the bottle, which is then shaken to agitate a nutrient solution and encourage bacteria to grow.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=why-people-believe...
Why People Believe in Conspiracy Theories [Preview]

Conspiracy theories offer easy answers by casting the world as simpler and more predictable than it is. Their popularity may pose a threat to societal well-being
Suspicious Minds

People who believe in one conspiracy theory are likely to espouse others, even when they are contradictory.
Conspiracy ideation is also linked with mistrust of science, including well-established findings, such as the fact that smoking can cause lung cancer.
Mere exposure to information supporting various fringe explanations can erode engagement in societal discourse.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=kenny-high-sugar-p...
High Sugar Plus Low Dopamine Could Hasten Diabetes and Obesity

Imbalance may prompt people to eat more

http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/2013/09/09/floa...
Floating Brains and Invasive Minds

http://www.scidev.net/global/agriculture/opinion/farming-and-knowle...

Food needs can be met with a new vision for agriculture and science

http://www.scidev.net/global/gender/analysis-blog/focus-on-gender-c...

Climate change can trigger crises that lead to more violence against women

But the role of temperature-related aggression is more contentious

Such links must be closely examined given efforts to eliminate violence

http://www.scidev.net/global/conflict/news/climate-change-causes-ri...

• Past droughts or above-average temperatures have led to more violence

• Economic factors and food security may be key triggers of conflict in poor nations

• Future climate change is expected to substantially increase violent conflicts

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/353090/description/Meteo...
Meteorite that fell last year contains surprising molecules
Compounds in space rocks like the one that broke up over California may have helped seed life on Earth

http://www.nature.com/news/african-genes-tracked-back-1.13607
African genes tracked back

Method extends archaeological and linguistic data by tracing early human migration.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/07/son-doong_n_3873341.html?i...
World's Largest Cave

http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-08/how-stop-plague-four-...
How To Stop A Plague In 4 Easy Steps
Vaccinating mosquitoes can ward off malaria.
It's not the mosquito’s fault. Malaria is actually caused by the Plasmodium family of parasites, which is carried unwittingly by mosquitoes. And these parasites are tricky foes. Come up with a treatment or vaccine and the few that survive will still breed. But Johns Hopkins biologist Rhoel Dinglasan thinks he may have a way around that: vaccinating mosquitoes instead.

Dinglasan’s team has found that Plasmodium—at a crucial stage in its life cycle—needs to bind to a protein in the mosquito’s gut called AnAPN1. If you block this protein, you block transmission to humans. But how do you treat a mosquito? A teensy needle and steady hands? No. Here’s the clever part: You give people a vaccine against AnAPN1, turning them into living mosquito-treatment factories for years; their immune systems produce antibodies against AnAPN1. When mosquitoes bite vaccinated people, they’ll suck up the antibodies, which block AnAPN1 so that the mosquitoes can no longer pass along the disease. In lab tests, Dinglasan has shown that the antibodies can indeed make mosquitoes benign—although no less annoying.
A. VACCINATE

Give someone the vaccine against the mosquito-gut protein AnAPN1.
B. MANUFACTURE

The person’s immune system produces antibodies against AnAPN1 in his blood.
C. BITE

A mosquito ingests the antibodies, which bind to AnAPN1 and block the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium.
D. PREVENT

Plasmodium can’t live in the mosquito gut and, therefore, can’t be transmitted to people.

This article originally appeared in the September 2013 issue of Popular Science.

http://www.quora.com/Why-are-scientists-so-confident-that-their-the...
Why are scientists so confident that their theories are right, when history shows them to be wrong so often?

Scientists celebrating at CERN ( for not destroying the world!):

http://theconversation.com/lhc-celebrates-five-years-of-not-destroy...

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=physicists-net-fra...
Physicists Net Fractal Butterfly

A decades-old search has closed in on the recursive pattern that describes electron behavior

http://esciencenews.com/articles/2013/09/12/scientific.societies.fa...

Scientific societies face 'modern challenges'

Natural working gears evolved long back before human beings invented them!!

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/353276/description/Born_...
Born half a century ago, chaos theory languished for years before taking the sciences by storm

From:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/16/science-selfies-huffpost-s...

Health kick can reverse the ageing process

Study conducted by the University of California suggests our genes may be a predisposition - but they are not our fate
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/new-study-finds-health-ki...

About Proteins that cause mad cow disease:

Brian-eating proteins: Infectious agents called prions can resist standard sterilization and are difficult to diagnose, posing tough challenges for hospitals.

Prions are unusual pathogens distinct from parasites, fungi, bacteria and viruses. They are misfolded proteins that can transform healthy proteins into sickly versions, leading to the death of cells. Particularly abundant in the brain, they took center stage in the late 1980s, during the mad cow outbreak in the U.K.  People who ate beef from infected cows ran the risk of contracting a variant of CJD. The panic brought to light the range of prion diseases that can affect humans and animals, including one that develops spontaneously. Called sporadic CJD, this spontaneous form strikes about one in every million people each year for no apparent reason. What’s more, the brain tissue from the unlucky few can infect healthy brains—hence, the worry over surgical transmission.

Ensuring neurosurgical tools are free of prions is difficult chiefly because prions resist standard sterilization procedures. To disinfect metal instruments, hospitals put them in an autoclave and steam-heat them to 121 degrees Celsius for about 15 minutes. That’s far more than what’s needed to wipe out pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, which succumb to mere boiling temperatures in about one minute. Although autoclaving greatly weakens prions, the process may not entirely wipe out these malevolent proteins.

Even when cleaned with  benzene, alcohol and formaldehyde doesn't make it weak! why prion-free guarantees are impossible: the disease has a long incubation period—long enough that an infected person would seem quite healthy and arouse no suspicion among hospital staff. Months can pass—and many patients exposed—before surgeons might learn of a CJD case and pull the tools out of use. Currently, researchers have no way of definitively diagnosing sporadic CJD except by autopsy. The incubation period for prion diseases can span decades.  “But thankfully it is a very rare disease.” Currently, there is no plan to test the infectivity of the surgical tools, which remain in quarantine and will likely be destroyed.

Source: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=surgical-exposure-...

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=how-to-exploit-the...
How to Exploit the Power of Diverse Minds

A good idea can be powerful. Many of them, in a network of diverse minds, can be more powerful still

Big corporations used to midwife good ideas from the research laboratory to the marketplace, but in the future that task will increasingly fall to a partnership of governments, commercial firms and universities.
To get different nations and institutions collaborating effectively on generating new technologies, we need new rules.
China is a rising star when it comes to innovation, but a closer look reveals that much of that work takes place in the labs of multinational corporations operating on Chinese soil.
Even though nations may differ in their levels of technological output, it is possible to compare how efficient they are at exploiting scientific research.
Mexico has difficulty translating its vibrant research into commercial technology, but the current government is trying to change that, in part by luring expat scientists back home.

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/353363/description/Vitam...
Vitamin stops static electricity
Clearing out uncharged molecules may prevent charge buildup