** Jawaharlal Nehru was one of the first people to use the term scientific temper and advocate the promotion of scientific temper:
"[What is needed] is the scientific approach, the adventurous and yet critical temper of science, the search for truth and new knowledge, the refusal to accept anything without testing and trial, the capacity to change previous conclusions in the face of new evidence, the reliance on observed fact and not on pre-conceived theory, the hard discipline of the mind—all this is necessary, not merely for the application of science but for life itself and the solution of its many problems." —Jawaharlal Nehru (1946) The Discovery of India, p. 512
Nehru wrote that scientific temper goes beyond the domain in which science is normally done, and deals also with the consideration of ultimate purposes, beauty, goodness, and truth. But he also said that it is the opposite of the method of religion, which relies on emotion and intuition and is (mis)applied "to everything in life, even to those things which are capable of intellectual inquiry and observation." While religion tends to close the mind and produce "intolerance, credulity and superstition, emotionalism and irrationalism", and "a temper of a dependent, unfree person", a scientific temper "is the temper of a free man". He also indicated that the scientific temper goes beyond objectivity and fosters creativity and progress. He envisioned that the spread of scientific temper would be accompanied by a shrinking of the domain of religion, and "the exciting adventure of fresh and never ceasing discoveries, of new panoramas opening out and new ways of living, adding to [life's] fullness and ever making it richer and more complete.
Scientific temper describes an attitude which involves the application of logic. Discussion, argument and analysis are vital parts of scientific temper. Elements of fairness, equality and democracy are built into it.
"To develop scientific temper" is one of the fundamental duties of Indian citizens, according to the Constitution of India.
( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_temper )
** World science day: Nov. 10th. the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) declared the theme of the 2018 World Science Day for Peace and Development on November 10 as “Science, a Human Right.” And UNESCO has partnered with regional networks of science centers and science museums around the world, raising awareness of the importance in of science in developing a sustainable and equitable future.
10 November, World Science Day for Peace and Development highlights the significant role of science in society and the need to engage the wider public in debates on emerging scientific issues. It also underlines the imp
** Science day (India): 28th Feb. National Science Day is celebrated across India onFebruary 28. Indian scientist Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman or CV Raman discovered the Raman Effect on this day in 1928. ... Raman effect is the inelastic scattering of a photon by molecules which are excited to higher vibrational or rotational energy levels.
** International Day of Women and Girls in Science: 11th February
On 22 December 2015, the General Assembly decided to establish an annual International Day to recognize the critical role women and girls play in science and technology, through Resolution A/RES/70/212(link is external).
The International Day of Women and Girls in Science, celebrated on 11 February, is implemented by UNESCO and UN-Women(link is external), in collaboration institutions and civil society partners that aim to promote women and girls in science. This Day is an opportunity to promote full and equal access to and participation in science for women and girls. Gender equality is a global priority for UNESCO, and the support of young girls, their education and their full ability to make their ideas heard are levers for development and peace.
Tackling some of the greatest challenges of the Agenda for Sustainable Development -- from improving health to combating climate change -- will rely on harnessing all talent. That means getting more women working in these fields. Diversity in research expands the pool of talented researchers, bringing in fresh perspectives, talent and creativity. This Day is a reminder that women and girls play a critical role in science and technology communities and that their participation should be strengthened.
** The United Nations designated June 5 to be observed as World Environment Day after a call for saving the environment from possible damage due to industrialization drew attention. ... The first World Environment Day was observed in 1974, giving a global platform for inspiring positive change in the environment.
** We celebrate World Laboratory Day every year on April 23 to honor the unique workspaces that provide controlled conditions and enable scientific research, experiments, and measurement. Products developed in laboratories have benefited mankind and the world in many ways.