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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2024 at 11:55am

Study finds working from home stifles innovation

Remote and hybrid working may be great for employees' work-life balance, but it may be stifling innovation, according to new research.

The study found that staff who worked in a hybrid model were less likely to come up with innovative ideas than colleagues who always worked in the office. And staff working from home tended to produce lower quality innovative ideas than those who always worked in the office. 

Innovation in the workplace can occur through random, spontaneous 'watercooler' conversations between employees. However, these 'productive accidents' are less likely to occur when employees work from home. This  research work has found that innovation is suffering as a result.

Michael Gibbs et al, Employee innovation during office work, work from home and hybrid work, Scientific Reports (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67122-6

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2024 at 11:50am

More women are ending pregnancies on their own, a new study suggests. Some resort to unsafe methods

A growing number of women said they've tried to end their pregnancies on their own by doing things like taking herbs, drinking alcohol or even hitting themselves in the belly, a new study suggests.

Researchers surveyed reproductive-age women in the U.S. before and after the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in June 2022. The proportion who reported trying to end pregnancies by themselves rose from 2.4% to 3.3%.

A lot of people are taking things into their own hands.

Study authors acknowledged that the increase is small. But the data suggests that it could number in the hundreds of thousands of women.

Researchers surveyed about 7,000 women six months before the Supreme Court decision, and then another group of 7,100 a year after the decision. They asked whether participants had ever taken or done something on their own to end a pregnancy. Those who said yes were asked follow-up questions about their experiences.

The data show that making abortion more difficult to access is not going to mean that people want or need an abortion less frequently.

Women gave various reasons for handling their own abortions, such as wanting an extra measure of privacy, being concerned about the cost of clinic procedures and preferring to try to end their pregnancies by themselves first.

They reported using a range of methods. Some took medications—including emergency contraception and the abortion pills misoprostol and mifepristone obtained outside the medical system and without a prescription. Others drank alcohol or used drugs. Some resorted to potentially harmful physical methods such as hitting themselves in the abdomen, lifting heavy things or inserting objects into their bodies.

Some respondents said they suffered complications like bleeding and pain and had to seek medical care afterward. Some said they later had an abortion at a clinic. Some said their pregnancies ended after their attempts or from a later miscarriage, while others said they wound up continuing their pregnancies when the method didn't work.

Respondents may be under-reporting their abortions because researchers are asking them about "a sensitive and potentially criminalized behaviour."

 The study's findings confirm the statement : If you make it hard to get (an abortion) in a formal setting, people will just do it informally.

Lauren Ralph et al, Self-Managed Abortion Attempts Before vs After Changes in Federal Abortion Protections in the US, JAMA Network Open (2024). DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24310

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 11:33am

First, keep your head back with your ears submerged to keep your airways open. Resist the urge to panic, try to relax and breathe normally. Gently move your hands paddling them as this will aid in keeping afloat. Don't fret if your legs sink, everyone's buoyancy is different. Finally, spread your arms and legs as this really helps maintain your stability in the water.

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 11:31am

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 11:21am

Blocking One Protein Extends Lifespan in Mice by Up to 25%

A protein called interleukin 11 (IL-11) appears to play a crucial role in aging, with scientists extending the lifespans of mice by up to 25 percent simply by blocking the molecule's effects.

Researchers  used genetic engineering to turn off IL-11 production in a sample of mice, while injecting other mice with an anti-IL-11 drug.

Deaths from cancer and tumorous growths were reduced in both groups, while health conditions related to the effects of aging – including chronic inflammation and poor metabolism – were also less common.

The treated mice had fewer cancers, and were free from the usual signs of aging and frailty, but researchers also saw reduced muscle wasting and improvement in muscle strength. In other words, the old mice receiving anti-IL-11 were healthier.

Interleukin 11 has been of interest to scientists studying the aging process for several years. We know that it builds up in the body as we get older, and it's linked to increasing levels of inflammation, scar tissue, and overall frailty.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07701-9

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 10:04am

Confirmed link between maternal asthma and child allergies

For the first time, researchers  have confirmed maternal asthma increases risks of child allergies.

In a systematic review of more than 20,000 sources, the researchers discovered children whose mothers have asthma are 76% more likely to have the condition themselves.

The review is the first time anyone has brought together the data on how severity and control of asthma during pregnancy affects allergy and asthma outcomes in children. It also found that better asthma control during pregnancy reduces the risk in children.

They found found maternal asthma is associated with an increased risk of wheeze (59%), food allergy (32%), eczema (17%) and hay fever (18%),

The findings are published in the BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.

Associations between maternal asthma and risks of progeny asthma were similar when the exposure was maternal asthma during the index pregnancy or as a history of asthma, consistent with the chronic nature of asthma.

Uncontrolled and more severe maternal asthma during the index pregnancy were also associated with increased risk of progeny asthma.

Andrea J. Roff et al, Maternal asthma during pregnancy and risks of allergy and asthma in progeny: A systematic review and meta‐analysis, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (2024). DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17900

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 9:59am

How to cope with increasingly hot summers

• Use an electric fan, a particularly effective method in humid climates like Quebec's. But remember: using a fan can be counter-productive in very low humidity or above 40° C temperatures.
• Sponge yourself regularly with cool water.
• Soak your feet in cold water.
• Stay socially connected (especially important for seniors and the socially isolated).
• Set your air conditioner to 25° C instead of 20° C to build up your tolerance to higher temperatures (and reduce energy consumption).

More information: Hadiatou Barry et al, The Effect of Heat Exposure on Myocardial Blood Flow and Cardiovascular Function, Annals of Internal Medicine (2024). DOI: 10.7326/M24-3504

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 9:52am

 Chimpanzees  are capable of speech

Axel G. Ekström et al, Chimpanzee utterances refute purported missing links for novel vocalizations and syllabic speech, Scientific Reports (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67005-w

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 9:05am

This can result in the wave either delivering its energy to the particles or gaining energy from them, causing the particles to either damp or grow.
This new research work finds that KAWs rapidly dissipate, completely transferring their energy to plasma particles in the form of heating. This energy transfer accelerates the particles over longer spatial distances, significantly impacting the dynamics of the plasma.
The analytical insights gleaned from this study will find practical application in understanding phenomena within the solar atmosphere, particularly shedding light on the significant role played by non-thermal particles in the heating processes.

 Syed Ayaz et al, Solar Coronal Heating by Kinetic Alfvén Waves, The Astrophysical Journal (2024). DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad5bdc

Part 3

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 30, 2024 at 9:04am

The researchers focused on the heating and energy exchange facilitated by KAWs. The reason for the great interest in these waves lies in their ability to transport energy. Observational data from numerous spacecraft and theoretical investigations have consistently demonstrated that KAWs dissipate and contribute to solar coronal heating during their propagation in space.
Because of these unique properties, the waves provide a critical mechanism for transferring energy, important to understanding the energy exchange between electromagnetic fields and plasma particles.
KAWs operate on small kinetic scales and are capable of supporting parallel electric and magnetic field fluctuations, enabling an energy transfer between the wave field and plasma particles through a phenomenon called Landau interactions.
The present work utilized and explores the Landau damping mechanism, which occurs when particles moving parallel to a wave have velocities comparable to the wave's phase velocity.
Landau damping is an exponential decrease as a function of time of particular waves in plasma. "When particles interact with the wave, they receive/lose energy—a term called 'resonant condition.
Part 2

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