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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 2, 2021 at 9:39am

Mice treated with this cytokine lose weight by 'sweating' fat

 Treating obese mice with the cytokine known as TSLP led to significant abdominal fat and weight loss compared to controls, according to new research published recently  in Science.

The fat loss was not associated with decreased food intake or faster metabolism. Instead, the researchers discovered that TSLP stimulated the immune system to release lipids through the skin’s oil-producing sebaceous glands.

This was a completely unforeseen finding, but researchers have demonstrated that fat loss can be achieved by secreting calories from the skin in the form of energy-rich sebum.

To examine whether TSLP could potentially play a role in the control of oil secretion in humans, the researchers then examined TSLP and a panel of 18 sebaceous gland-associated genes in a publicly-available dataset. This revealed that TSLP expression is significantly and positively correlated with sebaceous gland gene expression in healthy human skin.

The study authors write that, in humans, shifting sebum release into “high gear” could feasibly lead to the “sweating of fat” and weight loss.

Ruth Choa, Junichiro Tohyama, Shogo Wada, Hu Meng, Jian Hu, Mariko Okumura, Rebecca M. May, Tanner F. Robertson, Ruth-Anne Langan Pai, Arben Nace, Christian Hopkins, Elizabeth A. Jacobsen, Malay Haldar, Garret A. FitzGerald, Edward M. Behrens, Andy J. Minn, Patrick Seale, George Cotsarelis, Brian Kim, John T. Seykora, Mingyao Li, Zoltan Arany, Taku Kambayashi. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin induces adipose loss through sebum hypersecretion. Science, 2021; 373 (6554): eabd2893 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd2893

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/07/210729143412.htm

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 2, 2021 at 9:34am

A Bathing Suit That Doesn’t Get Wet

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 2, 2021 at 9:30am

Some birds steal hair from living mammals

A new paper in the journal Ecology documents this phenomenon, which the authors call “kleptotrichy,” from the Greek roots for “theft” and “hair.” The authors found only a few descriptions of the behavior in the scientific literature but came up with dozens more examples in online videos posted by birders and other bird enthusiasts. In almost all the videorecorded cases, the thief is a titmouse plucking hair from a cat, dog, human, raccoon, foxes, or in one case, porcupine.

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 2, 2021 at 9:19am

A Fully Autonomous Swarm of Gas-Seeking Nano Quadcopters in Cluttered Environments

Researchers have developed a swarm of autonomous, tiny drones that is able to localize gas sources in unknown, cluttered environments. Bio-inspired AI allows the drones to tackle this complex task without any external infrastructure.

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 1, 2021 at 1:11pm

What causes déjà vu?

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on August 1, 2021 at 12:15pm

Why wildfires have gotten worse -- and what we can do about it

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2021 at 11:07am

“Neuroprosthesis” Restores Words to Man with Paralysis

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2021 at 10:22am

Eternal Change for No Energy: A Time Crystal Finally Made Real

Like a perpetual motion machine, a time crystal forever cycles between states without consuming energy. Physicists claim to have built this new phase of matter inside a quantum computer.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.13571

https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.00736

https://www.quantamagazine.org/first-time-crystal-built-using-googl...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2021 at 9:51am

Fewer citations for female authors

Research papers published by women in elite medical journals are half as likely to be cited as are similar articles authored by men, a study of citation data has found. The work, which looked at more than 5,554 articles published between 2015 and 2018, “shows just how much impact unconscious biases can have”, says oncologist Reshma Jagsi. Citations are considered a key measure of a paper’s importance, and are often taken into account by those who make hiring and funding decisions.

Gender Disparity in Citations in High-Impact Journal Articles

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/278161...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 31, 2021 at 9:49am

Solar-powered microbes to feed the world?

Researchers show that protein from microbes uses a fraction of the resources of conventional farming

An international research team has shown that using solar-panels to produce microbial protein -- which is rich not just in proteins but also in other nutrients -- is more sustainable, efficient and environmentally friendly than growing conventional crops. This method uses solar energy, land, nutrients, and carbon dioxide from the air.

Using computer simulations drawing directly from laboratory results, the researchers modelled large-scale microbial food production facilities, which use solar energy, air, water, and nutrients to grow microbes. The protein-rich biomass is harvested and processed, and the resulting powder can be used as feed for animals, or as food for people. The study carried out an analysis of the energy requirements for each step, from the very start to the end product, taking into account: electricity generation (from solar panels), electrochemical production of energy-rich substrate for the microbes, microbe cultivation, harvesting, and processing the protein-rich biomass. Several types of microbes and growth strategies were compared in order to identify the most efficient.

The study found that for each kilo of protein produced, solar-powered microbes require only 10% of the land area compared to even the most efficient plant crop -- soybean. The study calculated that even in northern climates with less sunshine, the yields of solar-powered microbial foods could far outproduce staple crops, while minimizing water and fertilizer use. Importantly, this production could also be located in regions not suitable for agriculture, such as deserts.

Dorian Leger, Silvio Matassa, Elad Noor, Alon Shepon, Ron Milo, Arren Bar-Even. Photovoltaic-driven microbial protein production can use land and sunlight more efficiently than conventional crops. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2021; 118 (26): e2015025118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015025118

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/07/210730104303.htm

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