Comment

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 11:36am

https://theconversation.com/heres-how-scientists-know-the-coronavir...

Here’s how scientists know the coronavirus came from bats and wasn’t made in a lab

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A brain-inspired architecture for human gesture recognition

https://techxplore.com/news/2020-07-brain-inspired-architecture-hum...

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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-burrowing-crabs-reshaping-salt-marshe...

**Burrowing crabs reshaping salt marshes, with climate change to blame

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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-scientists-fault-southeastern-nepal.h...

**Scientists discover fault system in southeastern Nepal

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 10:45am

** Andean condors, at 10kg or more, are among the world’s heaviest flying birds. Once birds get this big, the energetic costs of flapping are so high they instead rely on currents of rising air to travel long distances.

on average, condors fly for three hours a day, but they flap for less than two minutes of this – just 1% of their flight time. One bird even flew for more than five hours without a single flap, covering 172km. Surprisingly, the amount they flapped hardly changed whether they were in the Andes or the steppe, or whether it was windy or not.

Moving between weak thermals of air seemed more challenging as birds flapped towards the end of the glides, when they were likely to be close to the ground. This is a critical time as birds need to find rising air to avoid an unplanned landing.

Thermals can behave like lava lamps, with bubbles of air rising intermittently from the ground when the air is warm enough. Birds may therefore arrive in the right place for a thermal, but at the wrong time. And the lengths of time when the bubbles are not rising sufficiently rapidly to be useful to a condor will be longer when thermals are weaker.

Nonetheless, even in weak thermal conditions, which may occur in winter, our results suggest condors may flap for only around two seconds per km. This remarkably low investment in flapping flight is on a par with albatrosses. In fact, albatrosses appear to flap more than condors – between (1% and 15% of their flight time outside take-off) –although it is unclear how their overall energy expenditure compares.

What is particularly striking about this findings is that all the birds teh researchers studied were immature. There was some suggestion that flight performance improved with age, but the demonstration that all birds flap so rarely shows that it is possible for even young condors to invest little energy in flying.

https://theconversation.com/we-tagged-andean-condors-to-find-out-ho...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 10:17am

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Blood Transplants from Active Mice Give Brain Boost to Others

The researchers behind the results propose that an exercise-induced protein in circulation is responsible for the benefits.

https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/blood-transplants-from-a...

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 9:04am

 What happens if you ignore science, fall prey for conspiracy theories, think what scientists say are hoax theories? 

A man learnt the lesson in his final moments .... sadly at the cost of his life. 

'I thought this was a hoax': Patient in 30s dies after attending 'COVID party'

Coronavirus Is What You Get When You Ignore Science

https://news4sanantonio.com/news/local/i-thought-this-was-a-hoax-pa...

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https://theconversation.com/one-vaccine-to-beat-covid-sars-mers-and...

 One vaccine to beat COVID, Sars, Mers and common cold – possible?

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The next pandemic: The warnings are clear – more diseases will follow the coronavirus pandemic.

https://www.scidev.net/global/spotlight/the-next-pandemic.html?utm_...

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 Wriggling Roundworm Found in Woman's Tonsil After She Ate Sashimi

Eating raw meat of any kind carries with it a risk of parasites, but few are as well known as those found in sashimi. The Japanese delicacy can infect the eater with a number of unpleasant aquatic parasites.

https://www.sciencealert.com/a-wriggling-moulting-roundworm-was-fou...

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 8:58am

Controlling COVID 19 in flats ....

To prevent droplet spread in a locked down residential building:

• keep at least 1.5 metres away from others

• allow only essential personnel in the building

• residents should keep to their own apartment

• people servicing the building can wear gloves and masks, but it’s important they be trained in their proper use

• infected/symptomatic residents should wear a mask (and be aware of how to handle these correctly so as not to increase the risk of infection)

• avoid shared spaces, for example shared laundries; limit numbers in lifts/stairwells at any given time

• if movement is required, adopt staggered, rostered times to move through the building

• if the structure allows it, utilise separate entry and exit points and one-way pathways through the building

• practise good respiratory etiquette (such as coughing into your elbow). This can reduce the number of people each infected person passes the virus to.

To reduce spread via contaminated objects:

• everyone who lives in or is visiting the building should frequently wash or sanitise their hands. Sanitiser should be available at entry and exit points and shared areas

• avoid touching your face and your food unless your hands have been freshly cleaned

• regular cleaning of shared spaces is important, including lift buttons, handrails, and door handles

• rubbish bins should be kept in separate areas to other supplies to avoid cross-contamination.

Additional measures to reduce airborne spread include:

• plumbing and ventilation systems should be maintained to ensure they’re operating effectively, particularly as buildings age

• HEPA filters in air conditioners may help to filter out the virus.

https://theconversation.com/we-could-have-more-coronavirus-outbreak...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 8:52am

 Coronavirus: Llamas provide key to immune therapy

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-53369103

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 8:40am

 Why Some Birds Are Likely To Hit Buildings

Birds that eat insects, are on migrations or that usually live in the woods are most likely to fly into buildings that feature a lot of glass.

Billion birds die from flying into buildings each year. Suspicions have been that birds may perceive the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected foliage for the real thing.

Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient them. insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey is attracted to the lights. woodland species get fooled by the reflections of trees and shrubs in the windows.

journal Conservation Biology. [Jared A. Elmore, et al. Correlates of bird collisions with buildings across three North Ame...]

By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to modify buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better anticipate when birds are at their greatest danger—and modify lighting strategies accordingly.

 https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/why-some-birds-a...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 7:23am

Crop plants are taking up microplastics

Scientists  recently found that microplastics are indeed contaminating edible plants, including vegetables we eat.

Microplastics (MPs), i.e., tiny plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in length, can now be found throughout the ocean and other aquatic ecosystems, and even in our seafood and salt. As MPs have become ubiquitous, scientists have become concerned about the transfer of MPs from the environment to the food chain and the potential impact of MPs on human health.

Most MPs are emitted to the terrestrial environment and accumulate in large amounts in soil. In addition, secondary particles are formed by the degradation of plastics. Wastewater, an important source of water for agricultural irrigation, also contains small-sized MPs.

Despite the prevalence of MPs throughout the environment, the matter of MP uptake by crop plants has not received much attention.

For decades, scientists believed that plastic particles were simply too large to pass through the physical barriers of intact plant tissue. But this new study disproves this assumption.

Cracks at the emerging sites of new lateral roots of lettuce and wheat crops can take in MPs from the surrounding soil and water. Those MPs can then be transferred from the roots up to the edible parts of the crop.

The MPs identified in this study were spherical plastic particles up to 2 micrometers in size with a small degree of mechanical flexibility. These features allowed the MPs to squeeze into the small apoplastic space of plant root cells.

"Another mechanism is that at the lateral root emergence sites there are small cracks, and then the particles go through those cracks and enter the xylem vessels. Thus it is even possible that particles larger than the ones we studied might also be taken up by plants.

Li, L et al. Effective uptake of submicrometre plastics by crop plants via a crack-entry mode. Nat Sustain (2020). doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0567-9

https://phys.org/news/2020-07-crop-microplastics.html?utm_source=nw...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 7:18am

Using math formulas to predict earthquakes

https://phys.org/news/2020-07-math-formulas-earthquakes.html?utm_so...

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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-fluorine.html?utm_source=nwletter&...

**How much fluorine is too much fluorine?

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** The new tattoo: Drawing electronics on skin

https://techxplore.com/news/2020-07-tattoo-electronics-skin.html?ut...

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Earth-shaking science in the freezer: Next generation vibration sensors at cryogenic temperatures

https://phys.org/news/2020-07-earth-shaking-science-freezer-vibrati...

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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-chemicals-faster-reactions.html?utm_s...

Spinning chemicals for faster reactions

**scientists have devised a new way of making reactions up to 70 times faster by using state-of-the-art equipment to spin chemicals around.

They found that efficient mixing within a chemical reaction could be achieved by spinning chemicals and catalysts around in a small tube, causing the reactions to happen much quicker.

The new findings could have a profound influence on the way that chemicals are made in a wide variety of industries, from drug development to agriculture and fragrances.

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 7:11am

Scientists have discovered a new physical paradox

Scientists have discovered a new physical paradox: Researchers have discovered and theoretically explained a new physical effect: amplitude of mechanical vibrations can grow without external influence.

A new physical phenomenon of 'ballistic resonance," where mechanical oscillations can be excited only due to internal thermal resources of the system has been demonstrated: that heat spreads at abnormally high speeds at nano and micro levels in ultrapure crystalline materials. This phenomenon is called ballistic heat conductivity.

The discovered phenomenon describes that the process of heat equilibration leads to mechanical vibrations with an amplitude that grows with time. The effect is called ballistic resonance.

The scientific group offered their explanation on how to eliminate the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou paradox.

Vitaly A. Kuzkin et al, Ballistic resonance and thermalization in the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain at finite temperature, Physical Review E (2020). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.101.042209

https://phys.org/news/2020-07-scientists-physical-paradox.html?utm_...

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