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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 26, 2021 at 10:16am

First hacker-resistant cloud software system

Up to now, there has been no way to guarantee that a software system is secure from bugs, hackers, and vulnerabilities.

Researchers may now have solved this security issue. They have developed SeKVM, the first system that guarantees—through a mathematical proof—the security of virtual machines in the cloud. In a new paper to be presented on May 26, 2021, at the 42nd IEEE Symposium on Security & Privacy, the researchers hope to lay the foundation for future innovations in system software verification, leading to a new generation of cyber-resilient system software.

SeKVM is the first formally verified system for cloud computing. Formal verification is a critical step as it is the process of proving that software is mathematically correct, that the program's code works as it should, and there are no hidden security bugs to worry about.

This is the first time that a real-world multiprocessor software system has been shown to be mathematically correct and secure. This means that users' data are correctly managed by software running in the cloud and are safe from security bugs and hackers.

A Secure and Formally Verified Linux KVM Hypervisor, DOI: 10.1109/SP40001.2021.00049

https://techxplore.com/news/2021-05-team-hacker-resistant-cloud-sof...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 26, 2021 at 10:00am

New insights into how phytochromes help plants sense and react to light, temperature

Plants contain several types of specialized light-sensitive proteins that measure light by changing shape upon light absorption. Chief among these are the phytochromes.

Phytochromes help plants detect light direction, intensity and duration; the time of day; whether it is the beginning, middle or end of a season; and even the color of light, which is important for avoiding shade from other plants. Remarkably, phytochromes also help plants detect temperature.

New research  helps explain how the handful of phytochromes found in every plant respond differently to light intensity and temperature, thus enabling land plants to colonize the planet many millions of years ago and allowing them to acclimate to a wide array of terrestrial environments.

For the first time, these biologists fully characterized the phytochrome family from the common model plant Arabidopsis thaliana on a biochemical level.

The scientists also extended that characterization into the phytochromes of two important food crops: corn and potatoes. Instead of finding that all phytochrome isoforms are identical, they found surprising differences.

A deeper understanding of these proteins will allow scientists to use phytochromes as tools both in agriculture and for research in the field of optogenetics, which has exploited phytochromes to precisely control cellular events simply by shining light.

E. Sethe Burgie el al., "Differing biophysical properties underpin the unique signaling potentials within the plant phytochrome photoreceptor families," PNAS (2021). www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.2105649118

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Plants typically express three or more phytochromes. It was well-known that plants can respond to wide ranges of light intensities but other factors such as expression levels and signaling potential were considered as the likely culprits.

"Now we know that the differing biophysical properties of the isoforms also underpin the unique signaling potentials within the plant phytochrome photoreceptor families," Vierstra said. "These properties are evident in Phy families in plants ranging from Arabidopsis to maize and potatoes, indicating that they likely emerged very early in phytochrome evolution."

https://phys.org/news/2021-05-insights-phytochromes-react-temperatu...

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 12:53pm

Metabolic hormon 'leptin' linked to vaccine response

Reduced levels of a metabolic hormone known as leptin is linked to poor vaccine antibody responses in the general population, a University of Queensland study has found. The researchers made the discovery while investigating several cohorts responses to the influenza vaccine or hepatitis B vaccine pre-COVID. UQs Professor Di Yu identified a link between the metabolic and immune systems that could be used to develop new strategies for improving vaccine protection in vulnerable populations. Using multiple advanced techniques in immunology, genetics and biochemistry, our study found leptin directly promoted the development and function of cells which are vital in triggering an antibody response, Professor Yu said. In collaboration with global teams, we identified the reduction of an essential metabolic hormone called leptin was associated with compromised vaccine responses in both young and older individual ..

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 12:37pm

The sniffer dogs detecting coronavirus

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 11:13am

ScienceCasts: The Mystery of Coronal Heating

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 10:10am

New quantum material discovered

In everyday life, phase transitions usually have to do with temperature changes—for example, when an ice cube gets warmer and melts. But there are also different kinds of phase transitions, depending on other parameters such as magnetic field. In order to understand the quantum properties of materials, phase transitions are particularly interesting when they occur directly at the absolute zero point of temperature. These transitions are called "quantum phase transitions" or a "quantum critical points."

Such a quantum critical point has now been discovered by an Austrian-American research team in a novel material, and in an unusually pristine form. The properties of this material are now being further investigated. It is suspected that the material could be a so-called Weyl-Kondo semimetal, which is considered to have great potential for quantum technology due to special quantum states (so-called topological states). If this proves to be true, a key for the targeted development of topological quantum materials would have been found. The results were found in a cooperation between TU Wien, Johns Hopkins University, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Rice University and has now been published in the journal Science Advances.

Wesley T. Fuhrman et al, Pristine quantum criticality in a Kondo semimetal, Science Advances (2021). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf9134

https://phys.org/news/2021-05-quantum-material.html?utm_source=nwle...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 9:35am

New quantum material discovered

In everyday life, phase transitions usually have to do with temperature changes—for example, when an ice cube gets warmer and melts. But there are also different kinds of phase transitions, depending on other parameters such as magnetic field. In order to understand the quantum properties of materials, phase transitions are particularly interesting when they occur directly at the absolute zero point of temperature. These transitions are called "quantum phase transitions" or a "quantum critical points."

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Electromagnetic anomalies that occur before an earthquake

It has been documented over hundreds of years that various electromagnetic anomalies occur a few weeks before the occurrence of a large earthquake. These electromagnetic anomalies are variations that appear in telluric current, geomagnetism, electromagnetic waves etc. before the earthquake.

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 25, 2021 at 9:34am

No link between milk and increased cholesterol according to new study of 2 million people

Regular consumption of milk is not associated with increased levels of cholesterol, according to new research.

Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran et al, Evidence for a causal association between milk intake and cardiometabolic disease outcomes using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis in up to 1,904,220 individuals, International Journal of Obesity (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00841-2

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 24, 2021 at 11:50am

Everything Discovered On Mars So Far

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on May 24, 2021 at 11:39am

To prevent next pandemic, scientists say we must regulate air like ...

To prevent next pandemic, scientists say we must regulate air like food and water

Humans in the 21st century spend most of their time indoors, but the air we breathe inside buildings is not regulated to the same degree as the food we eat and the water we drink. A group of 39 researchers from 14 countries say that needs to change to reduce disease transmission and prevent the next pandemic. In a Perspectives piece published in Science on May 14, they call for a paradigm shift in combating airborne pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, demanding universal recognition that respiratory infections can be prevented by improving indoor ventilation systems. Air can contain viruses just as water and surfaces do. We need to understand that it's a problem and that we need to have, in our toolkit, approaches to mitigating risk and reducing the possible exposures that could happen from build-up of viruses in indoor air.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6543/689

https://researchnews.cc/news/6872/To-prevent-next-pandemic--scienti...

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