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Science Simplified!

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JAI VIGNAN

All about Science - to remove misconceptions and encourage scientific temper

Communicating science to the common people

'To make them see the world differently through the beautiful lense of science'

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WE LOVE SCIENCE HERE BECAUSE IT IS A MANY SPLENDOURED THING

THIS IS A WAR ZONE WHERE SCIENCE FIGHTS WITH NONSENSE AND WINS

“The greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it is the illusion of knowledge.”

"Being a scientist is a state of mind, not a profession!"

"Science, when it's done right, can yield amazing things".

The Reach of Scientific Research From Labs to Laymen

The aim of science is not only to open a door to infinite knowledge and wisdom but to set a limit to infinite error.

"Knowledge is a Superpower but the irony is you cannot get enough of it with ever increasing data base unless you try to keep up with it constantly and in the right way!" The best education comes from learning from people who know what they are exactly talking about.

Science is this glorious adventure into the unknown, the opportunity to discover things that nobody knew before. And that’s just an experience that’s not to be missed. But it’s also a motivated effort to try to help humankind. And maybe that’s just by increasing human knowledge—because that’s a way to make us a nobler species.

If you are scientifically literate the world looks very different to you.

We do science and science communication not because they are easy but because they are difficult!

“Science is not a subject you studied in school. It’s life. We 're brought into existence by it!"

Links to some important articles :

1. Interactive science series...

a. how-to-do-research-and-write-research-papers-part 13

b. Some Qs people asked me on science and my replies to them...

Part 6, part-10, part-11, part-12, part 14 , part- 8,

part- 1, part-2, part-4, part-5, part-16, part-17, part-18 , part-19 , part-20

part-21 , part-22, part-23, part-24, part-25, part-26, part-27 , part-28

part-29, part-30, part-31, part-32, part-33, part-34, part-35, part-36, part-37,

part-38, part-40, part-41, part-42, part-43, part-44, part-45, part-46, part-47

Part 48, part49, Critical thinking -part 50 , part -51, part-52, part-53

part-54, part-55, part-57, part-58, part-59, part-60, part-61, part-62, part-63

part 64, part-65, part-66, part-67, part-68, part 69, part-70 part-71, part-73 ...

.......306

BP variations during pregnancy part-72

who is responsible for the gender of their children - a man or a woman -part-56

c. some-questions-people-asked-me-on-science-based-on-my-art-and-poems -part-7

d. science-s-rules-are-unyielding-they-will-not-be-bent-for-anybody-part-3-

e. debate-between-scientists-and-people-who-practice-and-propagate-pseudo-science - part -9

f. why astrology is pseudo-science part 15

g. How Science is demolishing patriarchal ideas - part-39

2. in-defence-of-mangalyaan-why-even-developing-countries-like-india need space research programmes

3. Science communication series:

a. science-communication - part 1

b. how-scienitsts-should-communicate-with-laymen - part 2

c. main-challenges-of-science-communication-and-how-to-overcome-them - part 3

d. the-importance-of-science-communication-through-art- part 4

e. why-science-communication-is-geting worse - part 5

f. why-science-journalism-is-not-taken-seriously-in-this-part-of-the-world - part 6

g. blogs-the-best-bet-to-communicate-science-by-scientists- part 7

h. why-it-is-difficult-for-scientists-to-debate-controversial-issues - part 8

i. science-writers-and-communicators-where-are-you - part 9

j. shooting-the-messengers-for-a-different-reason-for-conveying-the- part 10

k. why-is-science-journalism-different-from-other-forms-of-journalism - part 11

l. golden-rules-of-science-communication- Part 12

m. science-writers-should-develop-a-broader-view-to-put-things-in-th - part 13

n. an-informed-patient-is-the-most-cooperative-one -part 14

o. the-risks-scientists-will-have-to-face-while-communicating-science - part 15

p. the-most-difficult-part-of-science-communication - part 16

q. clarity-on-who-you-are-writing-for-is-important-before-sitting-to write a science story - part 17

r. science-communicators-get-thick-skinned-to-communicate-science-wi thout-any-bias - part 18

s. is-post-truth-another-name-for-science-communication-failure?

t. why-is-it-difficult-for-scientists-to-have-high-eqs

u. art-and-literature-as-effective-aids-in-science-communication-and teaching

v.* some-qs-people-asked-me-on-science communication-and-my-replies-to-them

** qs-people-asked-me-on-science-and-my-replies-to-them-part-173

w. why-motivated-perception-influences-your-understanding-of-science

x. science-communication-in-uncertain-times

y. sci-com: why-keep-a-dog-and-bark-yourself

z. How to deal with sci com dilemmas?

A+. sci-com-what-makes-a-story-news-worthy-in-science

B+. is-a-perfect-language-important-in-writing-science-stories

C+. sci-com-how-much-entertainment-is-too-much-while-communicating-sc

D+. sci-com-why-can-t-everybody-understand-science-in-the-same-way

E+. how-to-successfully-negotiate-the-science-communication-maze

4. Health related topics:

a. why-antibiotic-resistance-is-increasing-and-how-scientists-are-tr

b. what-might-happen-when-you-take-lots-of-medicines

c. know-your-cesarean-facts-ladies

d. right-facts-about-menstruation

e. answer-to-the-question-why-on-big-c

f. how-scientists-are-identifying-new-preventive-measures-and-cures-

g. what-if-little-creatures-high-jack-your-brain-and-try-to-control-

h. who-knows-better?

i. mycotoxicoses

j. immunotherapy

k. can-rust-from-old-drinking-water-pipes-cause-health-problems

l. pvc-and-cpvc-pipes-should-not-be-used-for-drinking-water-supply

m. melioidosis

n.vaccine-woes

o. desensitization-and-transplant-success-story

p. do-you-think-the-medicines-you-are-taking-are-perfectly-alright-then revisit your position!

q. swine-flu-the-difficlulties-we-still-face-while-tackling-the-outb

r. dump-this-useless-information-into-a-garbage-bin-if-you-really-ca re about evidence based medicine

s. don-t-ignore-these-head-injuries

t. the-detoxification-scam

u. allergic- agony-caused-by-caterpillars-and-moths

General science:

a.why-do-water-bodies-suddenly-change-colour

b. don-t-knock-down-your-own-life-line

c. the-most-menacing-animal-in-the-world

d. how-exo-planets-are-detected

e. the-importance-of-earth-s-magnetic-field

f. saving-tigers-from-extinction-is-still-a-travail

g. the-importance-of-snakes-in-our-eco-systems

h. understanding-reverse-osmosis

i. the-importance-of-microbiomes

j. crispr-cas9-gene-editing-technique-a-boon-to-fixing-defective-gen

k. biomimicry-a-solution-to-some-of-our-problems

5. the-dilemmas-scientists-face

6. why-we-get-contradictory-reports-in-science

7. be-alert-pseudo-science-and-anti-science-are-on-prowl

8. science-will-answer-your-questions-and-solve-your-problems

9. how-science-debunks-baseless-beliefs

10. climate-science-and-its-relevance

11. the-road-to-a-healthy-life

12. relative-truth-about-gm-crops-and-foods

13. intuition-based-work-is-bad-science

14. how-science-explains-near-death-experiences

15. just-studies-are-different-from-thorough-scientific-research

16. lab-scientists-versus-internet-scientists

17. can-you-challenge-science?

18. the-myth-of-ritual-working

19.science-and-superstitions-how-rational-thinking-can-make-you-work -better

20. comets-are-not-harmful-or-bad-omens-so-enjoy-the-clestial-shows

21. explanation-of-mysterious-lights-during-earthquakes

22. science-can-tell-what-constitutes-the-beauty-of-a-rose

23. what-lessons-can-science-learn-from-tragedies-like-these

24. the-specific-traits-of-a-scientific-mind

25. science-and-the-paranormal

26. are-these-inventions-and-discoveries-really-accidental-and-intuitive like the journalists say?

27. how-the-brain-of-a-polymath-copes-with-all-the-things-it-does

28. how-to-make-scientific-research-in-india-a-success-story

29. getting-rid-of-plastic-the-natural-way

30. why-some-interesting-things-happen-in-nature

31. real-life-stories-that-proves-how-science-helps-you

32. Science and trust series:

a. how-to-trust-science-stories-a-guide-for-common-man

b. trust-in-science-what-makes-people-waver

c. standing-up-for-science-showing-reasons-why-science-should-be-trusted

You will find the entire list of discussions here: http://kkartlab.in/group/some-science/forum

( Please go through the comments section below to find scientific research reports posted on a daily basis and watch videos based on science)

Get interactive...

Please contact us if you want us to add any information or scientific explanation on any topic that interests you. We will try our level best to give you the right information.

Our mail ID: kkartlabin@gmail.com

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 19, 2020 at 6:22am: Earth’s rock-solid connections between Canada and Australia contain clues about the origin of life

The rocks at the surface of the modern Earth are broadly divided into two types: felsic and mafic. Felsic rocks are generally relatively low density—for a rock—and light in color because they are made from whitish minerals rich in silicon and aluminum. Half Dome in California is made of granite that is a felsic rock. Mafic rocks, in contrast, are relatively high in density and dark in color because they contain minerals rich in iron and magnesium; Giants Causeway in Northern Ireland is made of basalt, which is a mafic rock.

The difference in density between felsic and mafic rocks means that felsic rocks are more buoyant, and therefore sit at higher elevations above the Earth's mantle (the layer inside the Earth between the crust and the core). For this reason, felsic rocks make up Earth's continents whereas the lower elevation....

The mechanisms that separated the rocks at Earth's surface into these two groups may have also created the environment needed for life to flourish 4.3 billion years ago, very early in the history of Earth.

The separation into these two rock types is the result of plate tectonics: where the tectonic plates separate and move apart, the rocks below become depressurized, melt and fill in the gap between them, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge). The rock that fills the gap between the plates is mafic.

When one plate slides below another, fluids released from the lower plate cause melting in the mantle. These melts have to pass through the upper plate to reach the surface. On their way to the surface, they undergo a series of processes called fractional crystalization, which can change mafic melts into felsic melts.

When this separation happened is a matter of great debate in the Earth sciences because it may allow us to determine when the Earth became habitable for life. Many Earth scientists believe that the weathering of continental crust may have provided the nutrients for life to thrive; identifying when the first continents formed indicates when this may have occurred.

The exact mechanism is important for understanding the history and evolution of Earth, and may help understand the processes that could be occurring on other planets.

https://theconversation.com/earths-rock-solid-connections-between-c...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 19, 2020 at 6:16am: Researchers develop urine test that identifies pregnancy outcome after threatened miscarriage

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-urine-pregnancy-outcome-threatened-mi...

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-nanotorch-highlights-ultrafast-bioche...

'Nanotorch' highlights ultrafast biochemical reactions

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-virus-crisis-throwaway-plastic-lease....

Virus crisis gives throwaway plastic a new lease on life

Single-use plastic is making a comeback, be it for throwaway facemasks, gloves or shrink-wrapped vegetables because of the virus crisis

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-astronomers-composition-elusive-black...

Astronomers make composition drawing of elusive wandering black holes

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-scientists-reveal-lost-billion-years....

Scientists reveal a lost eight billion light years of universe evolution

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 19, 2020 at 6:13am: Studying the Neandertal DNA found in modern humans using stem cells and organoids

Studies have found that about 2% of the genomes of modern humans from outside Africa are composed of Neandertal DNA. This archaic DNA is a result of mating between the two groups tens of thousands of years ago.

In the new study, the team used resources from the Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Initiative (HipSci), an international consortium that provides data and cell lines for research. Nearly all of the data and cell lines in HipSci are from people of UK and Northern European descent. The researchers analyzed this cell line resource for its Neandertal DNA content and annotated functional Neandertal variants for each of the cell lines.

"Some Neandertal alleles have relatively high frequency in this population," Camp explains. "Because of that, this iPSC resource contains certain genes that are homozygous for Neandertal alleles, including genes associated with skin and hair color that are highly prevalent in Europeans."

Camp's team used five cell lines to generate brain organoids and generated single-cell RNA sequencing data to analyze their cell composition. They showed that this transcriptomic data could be used to track Neandertal-derived RNA across developmental processes

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-neandertal-dna-modern-humans-stem.htm...

tem Cell Reports, Dannemann et al.: "Human stem cell resources are an inroad to Neandertal DNA functions" www.cell.com/stem-cell-reports … 2213-6711(20)30190-9 , DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.05.018

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 19, 2020 at 6:05am: Do you know these things about thorns?

The thorns help protect against hungry animals that like to munch on the plants.

Where do they come from?

This is for non-botanists: Many plants have sharp, spiky armour that can be classified as thorns, prickles or spines.

Now get surprised: Rose bushes do not have thorns; they have prickles, as do raspberry and blackberry bushes. Prickles are like thick hairs on your arm, and in roses and other prickly plants, the prickles grow from their epidermis, or "skin".

Other plants, including cacti, have spines, another type of sharp, pointy weaponry that forms instead of leaves. Thorns arise from shoots in plants such as bougainvillea, hawthorn and citrus.

Scientists have found that in citrus plants, thorns arise from the plants' stem cell populations. Unlike typical stem cells in animals or plants, which continue to divide, thorn stem cells undergo a programmed arrest. The scientists found that two regulators of stem cell production, TI1 and TI2, gradually shut down stem cell activity in the developing thorn, so that it tapers off until nothing is left but the sharp pointy end.

When the researchers genetically eliminated the two regulators, stem cell activity continued, and instead of thorns, the citrus plants produced new branches.

The insight could lead to orchards of orange trees with more fruit-bearing branches—ones that pose less danger to labourers who pick the fruit.

Source: Report in the June 18 issue of Current Biology

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-scientists-thorny-problem.html?utm_so...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 18, 2020 at 9:36am: Liver perfusion could save 7 in 10 rejected donor livers

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-liver-perfusion-donor-livers...

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https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-light-activated-crispr-trigg...

Light-activated 'CRISPR' triggers precision gene editing and super-fast DNA repair

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https://theconversation.com/healthier-food-can-contain-more-contami...

Healthier food can contain more contaminants

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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/slimy-mudflat-biofilms-f...

Slimy Mudflat Biofilms Feed Migratory Birds—and Could Be Threatened

The highly nutritious, shimmering goo is a vital source of energy for long-distance fliers

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https://www.the-scientist.com/the-literature/gut-microbiome-composi...

Gut Microbiome Composition Linked to Human Behavior

A study uncovers connections between the bacteria in our guts and our social lives.

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https://www.asianscientist.com/2020/06/health/east-asian-diabetes-g...

The Unique Genetics Of Diabetes In Asians: Researchers have found 61 new genetic variants that are linked to type 2 diabetes in East Asians, which could help to personalize treatment for the chronic disease.

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https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-scientists-decode-brain.html...

Scientists decode how the brain senses smell

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 18, 2020 at 9:33am

https://bigthink.com/surprising-science/female-medical-research?reb...

Science research still focuses mostly on men

In spite of a government mandate, women are often treated as afterthoughts in scientific research. $$

A new study finds that though more women are included in experiments, sex-specific data often goes un-analyzed.
Only about a third of studies analyzed published participant breakdown by sex.
Some researchers say considering women more fully as research subjects is logistically too challenging.

https://techxplore.com/news/2020-06-photo-longer.html?utm_source=nw...

What jumps out in a photo changes the longer we look at it

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-physical-million-early-death...

Physical activity prevents almost four million early deaths worldwide each year

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 18, 2020 at 7:09am: Quasar jets are particle accelerators thousands of light-years long

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-quasar-jets-particle-thousands-light-...

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-lab-space-discovery-molecule-interste...

Discovery of a new organic molecule in an interstellar molecular cloud

Discovery of a new organic molecule in an interstellar molecular cloud: called propargylimine this chemical species may play a fundamental role in the formation of amino acids, among the key ingredients for life as we know it.

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15610419/

Biotechnology Applied to Cultural Heritage: Biorestoration of Frescoes Using Viable Bacterial Cells and Enzymes

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https://theconversation.com/is-the-k-number-the-new-r-number-what-y...

What you need to know about the K number in epidemiology ....

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** https://theconversation.com/why-are-black-and-asian-people-at-great...

Why are black and Asian people at greater risk of coronavirus? Here’s what we found

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https://theconversation.com/in-the-future-your-phone-could-test-you...

In the future, your phone could test you for coronavirus – here’s how

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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 18, 2020 at 6:21am: How Toxoplasma parasites glide so swiftly

Toxoplasma gondii parasites can be transmitted through contaminated food, water or cat feces. Now, scientists have studied how these microscopic parasites glide so swiftly through the body.

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-toxoplasma-parasites-glide-swiftly.ht...

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 18, 2020 at 6:12am: $$ Study sheds light on a classic visual illusion: this phenomenon relies on brightness estimation that takes place before visual information reaches the brain's visual cortex, possibly within the retina.

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-classic-visual-illusion.html...

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https://sciencex.com/news/2020-06-schrdinger-cat.html?utm_source=nw...

Schrödinger's cat explained!

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-expose-powerful-magnetic-fields-after...

Experiments expose how powerful magnetic fields are generated in the aftermath of supernovae

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-physicists-theory-bose-einstein-conde...

Physicists develop a new theory for Bose-Einstein condensates

Bose-Einstein condensates are often described as the fifth state of matter: At extremely low temperatures, gas atoms behave like a single particle. The exact properties of these systems are notoriously difficult to study.

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Science in Action - The medical complexity of Covid -19 - BBC Sounds

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-scientists-unusual-underwater-rivers-...

Scientists discover unusual underwater rivers along Australia's coastline

Scientists have discovered underwater rivers along most of Australia's continental shelf that are unique and do not occur at this scale anywhere else in the world.

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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements_naming_co...

List of chemical elements naming controversies

Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on June 17, 2020 at 8:47am: Why Do People Avoid Facts That Could Help Them?

Several studies suggest that individuals widely prefer to remain ignorant about information that would benefit them when it’s painful—and sometimes when it’s pleasurable

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-people-avoid-fact...

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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/specially-shaped-artific...

Specially Shaped Artificial Particles Detoxify Blood

Camouflaged nanoparticles can soak up toxins like red bloods cells do

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https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/in-south-africa-covid-19...

COVID-19 Breath Test Trial Set for June

If proven successful, the five-minute test could be a good temporary indicator before a confirmatory PCR test.

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-nanosponges-intercept-coronavirus-inf...

Nanosponges could intercept SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection and neutralize the virus

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-hard-eggshells-evolved-dinosaur-famil...

New study suggests that hard eggshells evolved at least three times in dinosaur family tree

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https://phys.org/news/2020-06-knock-knock-coral-symbiotic-algae.htm...

How coral let symbiotic algae in

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Soap bubbles pollinated a pear orchard without damaging delicate flowers: Soap bubbles may present a low-tech complement to robotic pollination technology designed to supplement the work of vanishing bees.

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-soap-pollinated-pear-orchard-delicate...