Science, Art, Litt, Science based Art & Science Communication
Science Simplified!
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JAI VIGNAN
All about Science - to remove misconceptions and encourage scientific temper
Communicating science to the common people
'To make them see the world differently through the beautiful lense of science'
Members: 22
Latest Activity: 37 minutes ago
WE LOVE SCIENCE HERE BECAUSE IT IS A MANY SPLENDOURED THING
THIS IS A WAR ZONE WHERE SCIENCE FIGHTS WITH NONSENSE AND WINS
“The greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it is the illusion of knowledge.”
"Being a scientist is a state of mind, not a profession!"
"Science, when it's done right, can yield amazing things".
The Reach of Scientific Research From Labs to Laymen
The aim of science is not only to open a door to infinite knowledge and wisdom but to set a limit to infinite error.
"Knowledge is a Superpower but the irony is you cannot get enough of it with ever increasing data base unless you try to keep up with it constantly and in the right way!" The best education comes from learning from people who know what they are exactly talking about.
Science is this glorious adventure into the unknown, the opportunity to discover things that nobody knew before. And that’s just an experience that’s not to be missed. But it’s also a motivated effort to try to help humankind. And maybe that’s just by increasing human knowledge—because that’s a way to make us a nobler species.
If you are scientifically literate the world looks very different to you.
We do science and science communication not because they are easy but because they are difficult!
“Science is not a subject you studied in school. It’s life. We 're brought into existence by it!"
Links to some important articles :
1. Interactive science series...
a. how-to-do-research-and-write-research-papers-part 13
b. Some Qs people asked me on science and my replies to them...
Part 6, part-10, part-11, part-12, part 14 , part- 8,
part- 1, part-2, part-4, part-5, part-16, part-17, part-18 , part-19 , part-20
part-21 , part-22, part-23, part-24, part-25, part-26, part-27 , part-28
part-29, part-30, part-31, part-32, part-33, part-34, part-35, part-36, part-37,
part-38, part-40, part-41, part-42, part-43, part-44, part-45, part-46, part-47
Part 48, part49, Critical thinking -part 50 , part -51, part-52, part-53
part-54, part-55, part-57, part-58, part-59, part-60, part-61, part-62, part-63
part 64, part-65, part-66, part-67, part-68, part 69, part-70 part-71, part-73 ...
.......306
BP variations during pregnancy part-72
who is responsible for the gender of their children - a man or a woman -part-56
c. some-questions-people-asked-me-on-science-based-on-my-art-and-poems -part-7
d. science-s-rules-are-unyielding-they-will-not-be-bent-for-anybody-part-3-
e. debate-between-scientists-and-people-who-practice-and-propagate-pseudo-science - part -9
f. why astrology is pseudo-science part 15
g. How Science is demolishing patriarchal ideas - part-39
2. in-defence-of-mangalyaan-why-even-developing-countries-like-india need space research programmes
3. Science communication series:
a. science-communication - part 1
b. how-scienitsts-should-communicate-with-laymen - part 2
c. main-challenges-of-science-communication-and-how-to-overcome-them - part 3
d. the-importance-of-science-communication-through-art- part 4
e. why-science-communication-is-geting worse - part 5
f. why-science-journalism-is-not-taken-seriously-in-this-part-of-the-world - part 6
g. blogs-the-best-bet-to-communicate-science-by-scientists- part 7
h. why-it-is-difficult-for-scientists-to-debate-controversial-issues - part 8
i. science-writers-and-communicators-where-are-you - part 9
j. shooting-the-messengers-for-a-different-reason-for-conveying-the- part 10
k. why-is-science-journalism-different-from-other-forms-of-journalism - part 11
l. golden-rules-of-science-communication- Part 12
m. science-writers-should-develop-a-broader-view-to-put-things-in-th - part 13
n. an-informed-patient-is-the-most-cooperative-one -part 14
o. the-risks-scientists-will-have-to-face-while-communicating-science - part 15
p. the-most-difficult-part-of-science-communication - part 16
q. clarity-on-who-you-are-writing-for-is-important-before-sitting-to write a science story - part 17
r. science-communicators-get-thick-skinned-to-communicate-science-without-any-bias - part 18
s. is-post-truth-another-name-for-science-communication-failure?
t. why-is-it-difficult-for-scientists-to-have-high-eqs
u. art-and-literature-as-effective-aids-in-science-communication-and teaching
v.* some-qs-people-asked-me-on-science communication-and-my-replies-to-them
** qs-people-asked-me-on-science-and-my-replies-to-them-part-173
w. why-motivated-perception-influences-your-understanding-of-science
x. science-communication-in-uncertain-times
y. sci-com: why-keep-a-dog-and-bark-yourself
z. How to deal with sci com dilemmas?
A+. sci-com-what-makes-a-story-news-worthy-in-science
B+. is-a-perfect-language-important-in-writing-science-stories
C+. sci-com-how-much-entertainment-is-too-much-while-communicating-sc
D+. sci-com-why-can-t-everybody-understand-science-in-the-same-way
E+. how-to-successfully-negotiate-the-science-communication-maze
4. Health related topics:
a. why-antibiotic-resistance-is-increasing-and-how-scientists-are-tr
b. what-might-happen-when-you-take-lots-of-medicines
c. know-your-cesarean-facts-ladies
d. right-facts-about-menstruation
e. answer-to-the-question-why-on-big-c
f. how-scientists-are-identifying-new-preventive-measures-and-cures-
g. what-if-little-creatures-high-jack-your-brain-and-try-to-control-
h. who-knows-better?
k. can-rust-from-old-drinking-water-pipes-cause-health-problems
l. pvc-and-cpvc-pipes-should-not-be-used-for-drinking-water-supply
m. melioidosis
o. desensitization-and-transplant-success-story
p. do-you-think-the-medicines-you-are-taking-are-perfectly-alright-then revisit your position!
q. swine-flu-the-difficlulties-we-still-face-while-tackling-the-outb
r. dump-this-useless-information-into-a-garbage-bin-if-you-really-care about evidence based medicine
s. don-t-ignore-these-head-injuries
u. allergic- agony-caused-by-caterpillars-and-moths
General science:
a.why-do-water-bodies-suddenly-change-colour
b. don-t-knock-down-your-own-life-line
c. the-most-menacing-animal-in-the-world
d. how-exo-planets-are-detected
e. the-importance-of-earth-s-magnetic-field
f. saving-tigers-from-extinction-is-still-a-travail
g. the-importance-of-snakes-in-our-eco-systems
h. understanding-reverse-osmosis
i. the-importance-of-microbiomes
j. crispr-cas9-gene-editing-technique-a-boon-to-fixing-defective-gen
k. biomimicry-a-solution-to-some-of-our-problems
5. the-dilemmas-scientists-face
6. why-we-get-contradictory-reports-in-science
7. be-alert-pseudo-science-and-anti-science-are-on-prowl
8. science-will-answer-your-questions-and-solve-your-problems
9. how-science-debunks-baseless-beliefs
10. climate-science-and-its-relevance
11. the-road-to-a-healthy-life
12. relative-truth-about-gm-crops-and-foods
13. intuition-based-work-is-bad-science
14. how-science-explains-near-death-experiences
15. just-studies-are-different-from-thorough-scientific-research
16. lab-scientists-versus-internet-scientists
17. can-you-challenge-science?
18. the-myth-of-ritual-working
19.science-and-superstitions-how-rational-thinking-can-make-you-work-better
20. comets-are-not-harmful-or-bad-omens-so-enjoy-the-clestial-shows
21. explanation-of-mysterious-lights-during-earthquakes
22. science-can-tell-what-constitutes-the-beauty-of-a-rose
23. what-lessons-can-science-learn-from-tragedies-like-these
24. the-specific-traits-of-a-scientific-mind
25. science-and-the-paranormal
26. are-these-inventions-and-discoveries-really-accidental-and-intuitive like the journalists say?
27. how-the-brain-of-a-polymath-copes-with-all-the-things-it-does
28. how-to-make-scientific-research-in-india-a-success-story
29. getting-rid-of-plastic-the-natural-way
30. why-some-interesting-things-happen-in-nature
31. real-life-stories-that-proves-how-science-helps-you
32. Science and trust series:
a. how-to-trust-science-stories-a-guide-for-common-man
b. trust-in-science-what-makes-people-waver
c. standing-up-for-science-showing-reasons-why-science-should-be-trusted
You will find the entire list of discussions here: http://kkartlab.in/group/some-science/forum
( Please go through the comments section below to find scientific research reports posted on a daily basis and watch videos based on science)
Get interactive...
Please contact us if you want us to add any information or scientific explanation on any topic that interests you. We will try our level best to give you the right information.
Our mail ID: kkartlabin@gmail.com
Discussion Forum
How much CO₂ does your flight really produce? How to know if carbon footprint claims are accurate
Started by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa. Last reply by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa yesterday. 1 Reply 0 Likes
When two people book the same flight, they can get wildly different carbon footprints from online calculators. Many carbon calculators leave out big chunks of climate impact or rely on oversimplified…Continue
The importance of snakes in our eco-systems
Started by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa. Last reply by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa yesterday. 5 Replies 0 Likes
Crawly creepy creatures. Big eyes and protruding tongues. Hissing sounds and hoods in ready to attack poses.What would people do if they came across such things? Take a stick and hit them repeatedly…Continue
Humans are evolved for nature, not cities, say anthropologists
Started by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa. Last reply by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa yesterday. 1 Reply 0 Likes
This mismatch is creating lots of problems for us and we need to change our thinking and behaviour.A new paper by evolutionary anthropologists argues that modern life has outpaced human evolution.…Continue
Phytomining: A fern that makes rare earth elements!
Started by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa. Last reply by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa Nov 14. 1 Reply 0 Likes
Credit: Environmental Science & Technology (2025). DOI:…Continue
Comment Wall
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Comment by Dr. Krishna Kumari Challa on July 14, 2020 at 6:33am
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Human lungs rejected for transplant recovered using novel technique
A multidisciplinary team has demonstrated that injured human donor lungs declined for transplant can be recovered by cross-circulation between the human lung and a xenogeneic host (Connecting donated human lungs to pigs).
The new technique, described in a study published recently in Nature Medicine, has the potential to increase the supply of donor lungs available for transpalnt, saving the lives of people who would otherwise die while waiting on the transplant list.
Lungs are the least-used solid organ for transplant because only 20% of donor lungs are considered to be in sufficient condition for transplantation. If we could improve the 20% acceptance rate and increase it to 40% or 50% acceptance rate, we would essentially eliminate our waitlist and we would actually be able to open up transplantation to more people.
The team proved in earlier published research that a cross-circulation technique using an animal model can not only support but rehabilitate animal lungs for up to four days. The current research extends that success to human lungs considered too damaged for transplant, preserving them for 24 hours using the xenogeneic platform.
Lung disease is the third leading cause of death globally, and transplantation is the only definitive cure for patients who are in the end stage of the disease. The current standard of care for donor lungs is ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), a mechanical support system that can preserve lungs for up to eight hours but has limited means to rehabilitate them. The study demonstrated that a lung that failed to improve on EVLP could be rehabilitated using the xenogeneic platform.
The xenogeneic platform offers scientists two immediate research pathways. First, it offers a new option for transplanting lungs previously considered too damaged for transplant. Secondly, the xenogeneic platform allows lungs to be preserved to test further therapeutic interventions as well as investigations in drug discovery, testing and delivery. Further, the cross-circulation platform may be used to recover other human organs and tissue, including livers, hearts and kidneys as well as limbs.
The cross-species cross-circulation allowed a human lung that failed after its six hours of standard perfusion to heal enough to meet transplant requirements and theoretically help a lung patient, though no transplant was done.
For the current experiments, they connected pigs and human lungs with common problems found after donation: swelling from excess fluid, traumatic injury, damage from inhaled gastric fluids. All the organs had gone through six hours of perfusion before being declined for transplant. For the experiments, immune suppression drugs were infused into the pigs to prevent rejection of the human lung.
While connected to the pigs, the organs’ cells and function were monitored. After 24 hours, the lungs had improved and would likely continue to get better, according to the researchers.
Xenogeneic cross-circulation for extracorporeal recovery of injured human lungs , Nature Medicine (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0971-8
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-07-human-lungs-transplant-recov...
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https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/04/when-does-your-baby-become-...
When Does Your Baby Become Conscious?
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Why the h-index is a bogus measure of academic impact
$$ https://theconversation.com/why-the-h-index-is-a-bogus-measure-of-a...
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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-scientists-theorized-neutrinoless-pro...
Scientists demonstrate a new experiment in the search for theorized 'neutrinoless' proc
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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-junk-dna-free-stem-cells.html?utm_sou...
Turning off 'junk DNA' may free stem cells to become neurons
For every cell in the body there comes a time when it must decide what it wants to do for the rest of its life. In an article published in the journal PNAS, NIH researchers report for the first time that ancient viral genes that were once considered "junk DNA" may play a role in this process. The article describes a series of preclinical experiments that showed how some human endogenous retrovirus (HERV-K) genes inscribed into chromosomes 12 and 19 may help control the differentiation, or maturation, of human stem cells into the trillions of neurons that are wired into our nervous systems.
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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-power-dna.html?utm_source=nwletter&am...
Power of DNA to store information gets an upgrade
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People with high cholesterol should eliminate carbs, not saturated fat
** For decades, people diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolemia have been instructed to minimize their consumption of saturated fats to lower cholesterol and reduce their risks of heart disease. But a new study published in the prestigious journal BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine found no evidence to support those claims.
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder that causes people to have cholesterol levels 2-4 times higher than the average person. Organizations, including the American Heart Association, have suggested they avoid eating food from animal sources, such as meat, eggs and cheese, and to avoid coconut oil. An international team of experts on heart disease and diet, including five cardiologists, reviewed dietary guidelines for people with familial hypercholesterolemia. They say they couldn't find any justification for health experts to recommend a low saturated fat diet.
Following a low-carb diet is most effective for people at increased risk of heart disease, such as those who are overweight, hypertensive and diabetic. Their findings are consistent with another paper recently published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, which provided strong evidence that food that raises blood sugar, such as bread, potatoes and sweets, should be minimized, rather than tropical oils and animal-based food.
David M Diamond et al, Dietary Recommendations for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: an Evidence-Free Zone, BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine (2020). DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111412
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-07-people-high-cholesterol-carb...
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Exaggerated risk of transmission of COVID-19 by fomites
Disinfecting surfaces 'not as necessary as we thought'
https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/coronavirus-surfaces-groceries-packa...
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)...
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https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/pink-climat...
Pink is the shade of climate change with mountains and lakes changing colour across the globe
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https://theconversation.com/death-by-irony-the-mystery-of-the-mouse...
‘Death by irony’: The mystery of the mouse that died of smoke inhalation, but went nowhere near a fire
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https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/campaign-begins-to-derai...
Campaign begins to derail COVID-19 vaccination before it’s even developed
Thousands of scientists are working around the clock to find a coronavirus vaccine. At the same time, groups are already trying to derail it.
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https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-07-complications-covid-von-will...
Complications from COVID-19 may depend on von Willebrand factor in the blood
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** https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-07-covid-ten-meters.html?utm_so...
Researchers: COVID-19 spreads ten meters or more by breathing
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Neptune's Moons Are Caught in One of The Strangest Orbits Ever Seen
https://www.sciencealert.com/neptune-s-moons-are-caught-in-one-of-t...
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https://www.sciencealert.com/our-atmosphere-chimes-in-time-with-ast...
Scientists Detect Earth's Atmosphere 'Ringing' Like a Bell
Just as the Moon tugs at our planet's seas, contributing to oceanic tidal waves, it also pulls at our atmosphere along with the Sun, creating waves in the sky.
A new study now demonstrates how some types of 'sky waves' resonate around Earth, much like how sound waves resonate inside a bell.
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https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-are-planning-to-make-a-sing...
Scientists Are Planning How to Make a Single Authoritative List of All Species
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https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/saliva-tests-how-they-wo...
Saliva Tests: How They Work and What They Bring to COVID-19
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https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-your-heart-influences-what-you-p...
How Your Heart Influences What You Perceive and Fear
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$$The mathematical strategy that could transform coronavirus testing
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02053-6?utm_source=Natur...
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https://massivesci.com/articles/hydrothermal-vent-reactor-geology-m...
Scientists recreated ancient Earth’s ocean hell to figure out how life began
The experiment also suggests that extraterrestrial life could also emerge on Mars, Europa, and Enceladus
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https://massivesci.com/articles/gingko-tree-longevity-gene-activity...
The genes of 600-year-old ginkgo trees are just as active as their teenage counterparts
Ancient trees reveal the secret to their virtual immortality
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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-denial-spreads-o...
Climate Denial Spreads on Facebook as Scientists Face Restrictions
The company recently overruled its scientific fact-checking group, which had flagged information as misleading
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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stingers-have-achieved-o...
Stingers Have Achieved Optimal Pointiness, Physicists Show
A single equation describes the shapes of stingers, spikes and spines throughout the natural world
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AMAZING ROBOTIC ANIMALS
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Scientists discover extraordinary regeneration of neurons
https://phys.org/news/2020-07-scientists-extraordinary-regeneration...
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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-oversized-placentas-cloning-decades.h...
Cause of oversized placentas in cloning found after two decades
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https://phys.org/news/2020-07-viral-dark-exposed-metagenome-databas...
Viral dark matter exposed: Metagenome database detects phage-derived antibacterial enzyme
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How the coronavirus pandemic is changing virtual science communication
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Radiation can slow corrosion of some materials
Radiation nearly always degrades the materials exposed to it, hastening their deterioration and requiring replacement of key components in high-radiation environments such as nuclear reactors. But for certain alloys that could be used in fission or fusion reactors, the opposite turns out to be true: Researchers have now found that instead of hastening the material's degradation, radiation actually improves its resistance, potentially doubling the material's useful lifetime.
The finding could be a boon for some new, cutting-edge reactor designs, including molten-salt-cooled fission reactors, and new fusion reactors such as the ARC.
Researchers repeated it dozens of times, with different conditions and every time they got the same results showing delayed corrosion.
The kind of reactor environment the team simulated in their experiments involves the use of molten sodium, lithium, and potassium salt as a coolant for both the nuclear fuel rods in a fission reactor and the vacuum vessel surrounding a superhot, swirling plasma in a future fusion reactor. Where the hot molten salt is in contact with the metal, corrosion can take place rapidly, but with these nickel-chromium alloys they found that the corrosion took twice as long to develop when the material was bathed in radiation from a proton accelerator, producing a radiation environment similar to what would be found in the proposed reactors.
Careful analysis of images of the affected alloy surfaces using transmission electron microscopy, after irradiating the metal in contact with molten salt at 650 degrees Celsius, (a typical operating temperature for salt in such reactors), helped to reveal the mechanism causing the unexpected effect. The radiation tends to create more tiny defects in the structure of the alloy, and these defects allow atoms of the metal to diffuse more easily, flowing in to quickly fill the voids that get created by the corrosive salt. In effect, the radiation damage promotes a sort of self-healing mechanism within the metal.
Weiyue Zhou et al. Proton irradiation-decelerated intergranular corrosion of Ni-Cr alloys in molten salt, Nature Communications (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17244-y
https://phys.org/news/2020-07-corrosion-materials.html?utm_source=n...
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Rock-breathing bacteria are electron spin doctors, study shows
**Electrons spin. It's a fundamental part of their existence. Some spin "up" while others spin "down." Scientists have known this for about a century, thanks to quantum physics.
They've also known that magnetic fields can affect the direction of an electron's quantum spin, flipping it from up to down and vice versa. And it doesn't take much: Even a bacterial cell can do it.
Researchers have found that protein "wires" connecting a bacterial cell to a solid surface tend to transmit electrons with a particular spin.
This ability to select an electron's quantum spin could have implications for the use of bacteria in the biotechnology industry and in burgeoning efforts to create bacteria-based energy cells, as well as future electronic technologies.
Scientists have been studying certain bacteria that can use solid surfaces in the same way animals use oxygen to breathe. Instead of dumping electrons generated during metabolism onto inhaled oxygen molecules, the bacteria send the electrons down specialized proteins that plug into an external surface.
Unlike most organisms that are able to use oxygen as the electron acceptor. These bacteria transfer the electrons to a solid mineral or, as they do in our lab, to electrodes that are outside the cell.
In terms of metabolism, they "breathe" the minerals or electrodes.
To reach the external surface, the electrons are shuttled through various protein molecules that form electrical conduits. These proteins have magnetic fields that can favor a particular spin as the electrons shuttle through.
Scientists found that these magnetic fields are affected by a characteristic of the proteins called "chirality."
Many molecules, especially biological molecules, appear in two versions, each a mirror image of the other. Scientists call this "chirality." It's similar to human hands. Left and right hands have four fingers and a thumb, but they're not exactly the same. They're both hands, but they're mirror images of each other, oriented in opposite directions. Molecules can be the same way, and in fact, scientists refer to chiral molecules as being either left-handed or right-handed.
The left- or right-handedness of a protein may affect the polarity of the magnetic fields experienced by the electrons as they shuttle through the protein. That's what happens to those electrons that travel along a protein wire to get to the outside of a rock-breathing bacterium.
These "rock-breathing" bacteria one day might be used to produce sustainable energy, for years. Finding that the electron-conducting proteins in these bacteria can select for a particular electron spin based on their chirality could be useful in developing certain electronic devices called "spintronics" . Spintronics use not only the charge of electrons but also their quantum spin and may be especially useful in quantum computing.
This work shows that bacterial cytochromes may be interesting candidates for spintronics."
Suryakant Mishra et al. Spin-Dependent Electron Transport through Bacterial Cell Surface Multiheme Electron Conduits, Journal of the American Chemical Society (2019). DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09262
https://phys.org/news/2020-07-rock-breathing-bacteria-electron-doct...
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